Description

Absorption is a technique of separations wiedely used in the processes of purification of solvents. During practical works, a absorption unit will be studied first in terms of hydrodynamics of the column and then with the absorption CO2 by sodium hydroxide solution. The heat-transfer unit is for the study of heat transferred in different industrial design heat exchangers (single-tube, shell and tube heat, plate or coil exchanger). The different heat transfer will be determined in co and counter-current and in laminar and turbulent regime. Continuous distillation will be performed on a packed column with a water-ethanol mixture. Analysis of sample from the boiler and the distillate will allow the determination the number of theoretical plat as a function of the feed (flow and temperature), the reflux ratio and the power in the boiler. The experimental setup aiming to study ideal chemical reactors allow the comparaison between a continuous stirred reactor (CSTR) and a plug flow reactor (PFR) of same volume. Determination of residence time distribution will be performed to compare experimental profil to theoretical ones. The saponification of ethyle acetate will be performed in both reactors to see the impact of the type of reactor on the conversion for a given reaction.

Compétences visées

The different theoretical aspects of chemical engineering developed in S2 (heat trasnfer), S3 (distillation) and S4 (liquid liquid extraction and absorption as well a chemical reactors) will be detailed from the experimental point of view with different practical works. Absorption: determine the packing factor of the column (Raschig rings), perform mass balance, determine the number of theoretical plates versus hydrodynamical conditions as well as the the efficiency of the process. Heat-exchange: perform a heat balance for energy exchanged by the two fluids, calculate an efficiency of a heat exchange, calculate an experimental value of the overall heat-transfer coefficient and calculate the corresponding theoritical value based on empirical equations from the literature. Continuous distillation: perform Mac Cabe et Thiele graphical constructions from experimental data, perform mass and heat balances on a column, conduct a continuous distillation by adjusting parameters in order to keep a given quality of separation. Chemical reactor: measure residence time distribution, perform mass balance on a reactor including a kinetic law, predict conversion and yield at the outlet of a reactor.

Bibliographie